We typically don’t think of the Mid-Atlantic region as being ideal territory for growing cranberries. Yet, believe it or not, there do still exist a few select locations throughout Maryland, Virginia, and even Pennsylvania where you can find wild, native varieties like the larger American cranberry and smaller bog cranberry. That’s because very specific growing conditions are required for cranberries, primarily bogs and wetlands that are high in acidic sphagnum.
Such conditions are few and far between in our immediate residential area. But did you know there is a place in Pocahontas County, West Virginia, renowned for its naturally occurring cranberries? I am, of course, referring to the state’s rightfully named Cranberry Glades. Alternately known as the Cranberry Glades Botanical Area or more concisely as “The Glades,” the vast stretch spans an impressive 750 acres of five different peat bogs. Located at an elevation of around 3,400 feet in the Allegheny Mountain range, the Glades are more in line with Canadian bogs of similar growth patterns.
As one of West Virginia’s best hidden gems, Cranberry Glades Botanical Area wasn’t officially designated as a National Natural Landmark until 1974. But the backstory behind its formation, discovery, and multifaceted significance throughout the ages is certainly one for the history books. That’s why, in this Flashback Friday Feature, I’m offering an insightful overview of West Virginia’s iconic Cranberry Glades.
Prehistory
The Cranberry Glades area most likely formed circa 10,000 years ago, just after the last Ice Age. Its creation was the result of glacial meltwaters and cool, wet conditions. While the land itself did not contain actual glaciers, it was the cooler weather patterns that allowed boreal plant species to grow at this precise location.
An array of rare and unique plant and animal life comprises the diverse ecosystem of the Glades. The bogs thrive here with abundant plants that grow ideally in peat-rich soil. These include sphagnum moss, skunk cabbage, the carnivorous purple pitcher plant and likewise carnivorous sundew, and cranberries, of course. Other plant varieties known more conventionally to bloom up north can be found here as well. As for the exotic creatures that reside here, the lineup includes crayfish, rarely seen nesting birds, and elusive mammals.
The Arrival of Humans
Predating the nation’s founding, longtime archeological evidence supports the idea that early indigenous people formerly inhabited the Glades. Artifacts point to such tribes as the Shawnee and Cherokee specifically, as well as potential others. Their stays were likely seasonal and non-permanent. The lay of the land and temperatures have never been ideal for living off.
It wasn’t until the 18th century that the first European settlers began exploring the area. Their main draw was the surrounding dense forestry and lush wildlife. Nearby logging operations were established by the next century, primarily targeting the old-growth red spruce and hemlock forests surrounding the Glades. All the same, the larger majority of the land remained untouched, owing to its uniquely uninhabitable conditions.
Conservation
Over the years, the imperativeness for protecting this area, one of the largest high-elevation bogs in the Appalachians, came to the forefront. As mentioned previously, the Glades were officially designated as a National Natural Landmark in 1974. It remains protected today as part of the Monongahela National Forest.
The Glades are famous for being the headwaters of the Cranberry River, which lies adjacent to the Cranberry Wilderness, spanning 50,000 acres. The waters provide a premium habitat as a popular trout stream.
Visiting Today
Exploring the Glades can be done at any time of year, although certain seasons provide different experiences, which may influence one’s preference for when to plan a visit. Most mutually feel that autumn is ideal owing to leaf-peeping season being in full swing. Hikers and botanists often claim summer is best. And for those who love the enchantment of glittery white snowscapes, there’s winter.
Regardless of when you choose to come, you’ll find onsite amenities, including public restroom facilities and an on-property nature center. There’s also seating for public picnicking pursuits, trails for hiking, and a half-mile boardwalk perfect for viewing the Glades in a convenient fashion.
The Cranberry Glades Botanical Area is a true treasure to come by and makes for a most amazing experience. Learn more about visiting here on the Monongahela National Forest website.